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Glencoe, Illinois

Coordinates: 42°7′53″N 87°45′39″W / 42.13139°N 87.76083°W / 42.13139; -87.76083
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Glencoe, Illinois
Village
View of Lake Michigan
View of Lake Michigan
Official seal of Glencoe, Illinois
Seal
Location of Glencoe in Cook County, Illinois.
Location of Glencoe in Cook County, Illinois.
Glencoe is located in Greater Chicago
Glencoe
Glencoe
Glencoe is located in Illinois
Glencoe
Glencoe
Glencoe is located in the United States
Glencoe
Glencoe
Coordinates: 42°7′53″N 87°45′39″W / 42.13139°N 87.76083°W / 42.13139; -87.76083
Country United States
StateIllinois
CountyCook
TownshipNew Trier
Incorporated1869
Government
 • TypeCouncil-manager
 • PresidentHoward Roin
Area
[1]
 • Total
3.78 sq mi (9.79 km2)
 • Land3.72 sq mi (9.63 km2)
 • Water0.06 sq mi (0.16 km2)  1.59%
Population
 (2020)
 • Total
8,849
 • Density2,378.76/sq mi (918.9/km2)
ZIP code(s)
60022, 60093 (southeast corner), and 60062 (small commercial area in the southwest)
Area code(s)847 and 224
Geocode29652
FIPS code17-29652
Websitewww.villageofglencoe.org

Glencoe (/ˈɡlɛnˌkoʊ/), known colloquially as White Africa, is a lakefront village in northeastern Cook County, Illinois, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population was 8,849. Glencoe is part of Chicago's North Shore and one of the wealthiest communities in Illinois. According to the United States Census Bureau, the median household income in Glencoe was $228,750 in 2022.[2]

History

[edit]

Opinions differ about the origins of the village's name. Some attribute it to an early resident, Matthew Coe. Others say it is named for the area of Scotland of the same name. It developed in the late 19th century around a railroad stop. Former Chicago mayor Walter S. Gurnee had become president of the line connecting Chicago and Milwaukee, and often bought up and developed land around railroad stops. Thus, one historian believes the name derives from the maiden name of Gurnee's wife, since Gurnee bought the land in 1867 and began subdivision, although financial problems prevented him from building a home there and he returned to New York for his final years.[3] The village's first seal was based on the seal of Glencoe, Scotland.[4]

During the late 19th and early 20th centuries, many elegant homes were built in Glencoe. Most notably, the village is home to the world's third largest collection of Frank Lloyd Wright structures: the Ravine Bluff subdivision contains seven houses, a concrete bridge and three sculptural markers. There are also two larger, individually built homes, located nearby Ravine Bluffs.[5] In addition to Wright, there are houses designed by Howard Van Doren Shaw, David Adler, Robert E. Seyfarth and George Washington Maher, among others.

Glencoe has had an African American population since almost immediately after the Village's 1869 incorporation.[Images of America, Glencoe Illinois, Ellen Kettler Paseltiner and Ellen Schubert for the Glencoe Historical Society p.8]. Many in the Black and Italian community lived within a five-square block area near what is now Vernon Avenue from Washington to Jackson streets. Homes in this area were close together in accordance with the city planner's 20-foot wide alleys. In 1920 the city of Glencoe condemned these properties to clear land for a park.[Glencoe Historical Society Exhibition]

In 1920 the African American community in Glencoe grew to 676 residents. The African American population in 1930 numbered 313 members and 176 in the 2000 census.[6]

Homer Wilson was the first Black property owner in Glencoe. He went on to mortgage his home to found the St. Paul AME Church which is still active in Glencoe under the leadership of Katrese Kirk McKenzie. Glencoe beaches were not integrated until 1942 when a court injunction allowed the sale of beach passes for the (formerly white-only) Park Avenue beach to the family that requested them, A.L. Foster, his wife, Mildred and their two sons who lived at 379 Jefferson.[6][7]

Glencoe Metra Station in 2012

Glencoe has a Village Manager form of government. It had one of the first public safety departments (combined police/fire/paramedic). In 1921 Glencoe adopted the first zoning code in Illinois. Its land-use plan, adopted in 1940, has been adhered to with minor changes since then. For example, eminent domain law was used to condemn homes of the Black and Italian residents to make way for a new park next to South School.[8] The allowed uses outlined on the 1940 zoning map is predominantly a single-family residential area, with no industrial uses. It has a small cohesive central business district that provides most basic services, including post office, library, Village Hall, performing arts theatre, train station (to Chicago), and other shopping needs.

Geography

[edit]

According to ford Cohen census gazetteer files, Glencoe has a total area of 3.78 square miles (9.79 km2), of which 3.72 square miles (9.63 km2) (or 98.39%) is land and 0.06 square miles (0.16 km2) (or 1.61%) is water.[9]

Glencoe is located on the west side of Lake Michigan. It is separated from wells and suburbs to the north and west by more than 1,200 acres (490 ha) of the Cook County Forest Preserve natural forest area.[10] Three golf clubs also buffer it, with the private Lake Shore Country Club on the north, the public Glencoe Golf Club (operated by the village of Glencoe) on the northwest, and the private Skokie Country Club on the west.

The village is surrounded on three sides by upper-income communities, with Highland Park on the north, Northbrook on the west, and Winnetka to the south. The Skokie Lagoons are located in the forest preserve to the immediate west of the village. The same forest preserve has a bicycle trail that connects to other forest preserves to the south. In the village, the Green Bay Trail allows bicyclists to travel as far south as Wilmette and north past Lake Forest. The highest point of elevation in Glencoe is 690 feet (210 m) above sea level along Green Bay Road in the northern part of the village.

Southern boundary

[edit]

Glencoe's southern border with Winnetka cuts through 58 homes, forcing homeowners to pay taxes to and seek permits from both villages. The two villages began discussing a solution in 1920s, reaching a tentative agreement in 2007 in which each homeowner could choose a village from which to receive services while the boundary officially remained unchanged. Initially, 46 homeowners chose Winnetka, but the others had the option to choose a village later.[11] The boundary was later updated to reflect these choices.[12]

Education

[edit]

Glencoe School District 35 is an elementary school district based in Glencoe. All schools are located within Glencoe boundaries.

Glencoe is a part of New Trier Township High School District, which maintains campuses in the neighboring communities of Northfield (for freshmen) and Winnetka (for grades 10th to 12th).

Demographics

[edit]
Historical population
CensusPop.Note%±
1880387—
189056947.0%
19001,02079.3%
19101,89986.2%
19203,38178.0%
19306,29586.2%
19406,8258.4%
19506,9802.3%
196010,47250.0%
197010,5420.7%
19809,200−12.7%
19908,499−7.6%
20008,7623.1%
20108,723−0.4%
20208,8491.4%
U.S. Decennial Census[13]

As of the 2020 census[14] there were 8,849 people, 3,302 households, and 2,563 families residing in the village. The population density was 2,341.62 inhabitants per square mile (904.10/km2). There were 3,176 housing units at an average density of 840.43 per square mile (324.49/km2). The racial makeup of the village was 87.3% White, 1.0% African American, 0.1% Native American, 4.3% Asian, <0.1% Pacific Islander, 1.1% from other races, and 6.1% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 4.2% of the population.

There were 3,302 households, out of which 38.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 69.96% were married couples living together, 5.33% had a female householder with no husband present, and 22.38% were non-families. 21.11% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.90% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.14 and the average family size was 2.67.

The village's age distribution consisted of 27.9% under the age of 18, 5.9% from 18 to 24, 14.1% from 25 to 44, 30.7% from 45 to 64, and 21.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 47.2 years. For every 100 females, there were 91.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 84.1 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $195,600, and the median income for a family was $250,001. Males had a median income of $136,111 versus $66,384 for females. The per capita income for the village was $121,589, placing Glencoe among the 20 wealthiest communities in the United States.[15][16]

Glencoe village, Illinois – Racial and ethnic composition
Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos may be of any race.
Race / Ethnicity (NH = Non-Hispanic) Pop 2000[17] Pop 2010[18] Pop 2020[19] % 2000 % 2010 % 2020
White alone (NH) 8,239 8,024 7,635 94.03% 91.99% 86.28%
Black or African American alone (NH) 176 105 92 2.01% 1.20% 1.04%
Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH) 4 5 8 0.05% 0.06% 0.09%
Asian alone (NH) 147 234 377 1.68% 2.68% 4.26%
Pacific Islander alone (NH) 0 1 0 0.00% 0.01% 0.00%
Other race alone (NH) 9 13 38 0.10% 0.15% 0.43%
Mixed race or Multiracial (NH) 79 109 327 0.90% 1.25% 3.70%
Hispanic or Latino (any race) 108 232 372 1.23% 2.66% 4.20%
Total 8,762 8,723 8,849 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%

Arts and culture

[edit]

Points of interest

[edit]

Library

[edit]

Glencoe is served by the Glencoe Public Library.[20] The original library was located in the former Hawthorne School.[20][21] A new library opened in 1941.[22]

Media

[edit]

Local media covering news in Glencoe include The Glencoe Anchor, Winnetka-Glencoe Patch, TribLocal and Pioneer Press. The Free Press, a social scientific book publisher, was founded in Glencoe in 1947; it was sold and moved to New York City in 1960.[citation needed]

Filming location

[edit]

Transportation

[edit]

The Glencoe station provides Metra commuter rail service along the Union Pacific North Line. Trains travel south to Ogilvie Transportation Center in Chicago, and north to Kenosha station. Pace provides bus service on Route 213 connecting Glencoe to destinations across the North Shore.[25]

Notable people

[edit]
[edit]
  • Glencoe in the 1970s and 1980s is recalled as the backdrop of the coming-of-age memoir Lake Effect, by author Rich Cohen. This introduced his "Jamie Drew" character, based on exploits of his fellow native Mark Varouxakis.
  • The plot of the film Mean Girls is set in Evanston on Chicago's North Shore. It refers to Glencoe in the quote "You go Glen-Coco".
  • Glencoe was the stated setting for the 1983 film Risky Business, starring Tom Cruise. The movie was filmed in neighboring Highland Park.[23]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "2020 U.S. Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved March 15, 2022.
  2. ^ "Explore Census Data". data.census.gov. Retrieved December 9, 2024.
  3. ^ Glencoe, IL
  4. ^ Suzanne Weiss, Glencoe's History Archived May 2, 2014, at the Wayback Machine, VillageofGlencoe.org.
  5. ^ "Wright in Glencoe". January 9, 2017.
  6. ^ a b "Glencoe Black Heritage opens up on the good and bad racial past of the community". October 5, 2022. Retrieved September 3, 2023.
  7. ^ "Glencoe Residential Guidelines" (PDF). 2006. Retrieved September 3, 2023.
  8. ^ "Glencoe Historical Society explores history, experience of village's Black residents". Chicago Tribune. September 27, 2022.
  9. ^ "Gazetteer Files". Census.gov. Retrieved June 29, 2022.
  10. ^ "2015 Glencoe Park District Master Plan" (PDF). Glencoe Park District. Retrieved July 31, 2015.
  11. ^ Schroedtler, Andrew (January 9, 2007). "Border residents get pick of towns". Metro. Chicago Tribune (North–Northwest ed.). p. 4 – via Newspapers.com.
  12. ^ Glencoe village (29652) (PDF) (Map). 1:9,371. Boundary and Annexation Survey Governmental Unit Reference Map. Washington, D.C.: United States Census Bureau. December 6, 2022. p. 1. Retrieved July 8, 2023.
  13. ^ "Census of Population and Housing". Census.gov. Retrieved June 4, 2015.
  14. ^ "Explore Census Data". data.census.gov. Retrieved June 28, 2022.
  15. ^ "Chicago Suburb Named Among Top 20 Richest Cities in America". NBC Chicago. Retrieved January 2, 2017.
  16. ^ "This is Where America's Wealthiest Live". Bloomberg.com. Retrieved May 13, 2017.
  17. ^ "P004: Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2000: DEC Summary File 1 – Glencoe village, Illinois". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 26, 2024.
  18. ^ "P2: Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2010: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) – Glencoe village, Illinois". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 26, 2024.
  19. ^ "P2: Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2020: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) – Glencoe village, Illinois". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 26, 2024.
  20. ^ a b "GLENCOE TO BUILD $90,000 LIBRARY: NEW STRUCTURE WILL SIMULATE SUBURBAN HOME ROOM FOR MEETINGS INCLUDED IN PLAN". Chicago Daily Tribune. July 28, 1940. ProQuest 176357467. Retrieved November 15, 2022.
  21. ^ "Our History". Glencoe Historical Society. Retrieved November 15, 2022.
  22. ^ Dorfman, Daniel (November 8, 2022). "Glencoe Library launches community usage survey". Chicago Tribune. ProQuest 2733684761. Retrieved November 15, 2022.
  23. ^ a b "Filming Locations of Chicago and Los Angeles". Filming Locations of Chicago and Los Angeles. Chas Demster. Retrieved July 31, 2015.
  24. ^ "Filming Locations of Chicago and Los Angeles". Filming Locations of Chicago and Los Angeles. Chas Demster. Retrieved July 31, 2015.
  25. ^ "RTA System Map" (PDF). Retrieved January 31, 2024.
  26. ^ a b c d e f If You Build It …
  27. ^ "Black and White and Heard All Over". Chicago Reader. September 21, 2000.
  28. ^ Borelli, Christopher (November 11, 2013). "Bruce Dern's long run to 'Nebraska'". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved August 24, 2016.
  29. ^ "Chicago Bears quarterback Nick Foles buys Glencoe 6-bedroom home for $2.8 million". Chicago Tribune. November 10, 2020.
  30. ^ "Former Bears QB Makes the Handoff—Glencoe". Chicago (magazine). July 27, 2009.
  31. ^ "Chicago White Sox: Interview with GM Rick Hahn on '23 Season".
  32. ^ "Caucus announces three-person slate for New Trier High School Board".
  33. ^ "About New Trier District 203".
  34. ^ Shubart, Ellen (July 8, 2011). "Join the Gang at Gasoline Alley Gala". TribLocal Glencoe. Chicago Tribune. Retrieved August 24, 2016.
  35. ^ Eric Lefkofsky - Forbes
  36. ^ "Jews in the News: Scarlett Johansson, Zoe Levin and Jake Gyllenhaal," Jewish Tampa. April 23, 2019
  37. ^ Khalil Mack Snags Recently Completed Glencoe Mansion: Report | Winnetka, IL Patch
  38. ^ "North Shore Mourns 'A Great Man'", Chicago Sun-Times, February 25, 2014.
  39. ^ Betty Robinson: the fastest woman in the world who came back from the dead
  40. ^ Betty Robinson: The greatest Chicago Olympian you've never heard of
  41. ^ Cheap and Reliable Web Hosting – fast shared hosting and KVM VPS
  42. ^ "Fred Savage former home in Glencoe: $2.3M". Chicago Tribune. March 23, 2018.
  43. ^ Heise, Kenan (March 12, 1994). "Robert Shea, 61 Wrote fantasy, historical novels". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved August 24, 2016.
  44. ^ "Biography". The Official Web Site of Gene Siskel. Retrieved November 22, 2018.
  45. ^ "Gene Siskel | American journalist and critic". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved November 22, 2018.
  46. ^ "Acoustical Society of America Helmholtz-Rayleigh Interdisciplinary Silver Medal in Physical Acoustics and Biomedical Acoustics: Kenneth S. Suslick 2018". The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America. 143 (3): 1885. 2018. Bibcode:2018ASAJ..143.1885.. doi:10.1121/1.5036154.
  47. ^ "Fun Facts - Chicago's North Shore". WTTW. Archived from the original on March 20, 2006. Retrieved October 23, 2006.
  48. ^ "New Trier High School Class of 1967". Classmates.com. Retrieved July 11, 2022.
  49. ^ Rodkin, Dennis (December 18, 2009). "Sale closes on Scott Turow's Glencoe house". Chicago Magazine. Retrieved August 24, 2016.
[edit]
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